Florian Stablewski

His Eminence

Florian Stablewski
His Eminence; Florian Stablewski
Cardinal, Primate of Poland
Archdiocese	Gniezno
See	Archdiocese of Gniezno
Installed	1891
Term ended	1906
Orders
Ordination	24 February 1866
Consecration	17 January 1892; by Georg von Kopp
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	(1841-10-16)16 October 1841; Wschowa
Died	24 November 1906(1906-11-24) (aged 65); Poznań
Nationality	Polish
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Coat of arms

Polish archbishop and politician (1841–1906)

Florian Stablewski of the Oksza coat of arms (born 16 October 1841 in Wschowa; died 24 November 1906 in Poznań) was a Polish Roman Catholic cleric, a deputy to the Prussian Landtag from 1876 to 1891, the Metropolitan Archbishop of Gniezno and Poznań, and the Primate of Poland from 1891 to 1906.

Biography

He was the son of a former Napoleonic soldier, the impoverished nobleman Onufry Stablewski of the Oksza coat of arms, and Emilia from Kurowska. He was educated at St. Mary Magdalene Gymnasium in Poznań and later at the gymnasium in Trzemeszno, which he completed in 1861. From 1861 to 1863 he studied at the theological seminary in Poznań, and subsequently at the University of Munich. In 1866 he earned a doctorate in theology and was ordained to the priesthood in Gniezno.

He served as a pastor in Wielichowo, Tarnowo Podgórne, and Śrem, where he also worked as a catechist and taught Hebrew at the local gymnasium. He was dismissed from his post in 1873 after refusing to comply with an order requiring that religious instruction be conducted in German. He then became parish priest in Września, where he was simultaneously active in craft, industrial, and agricultural associations. He also supported cultural initiatives in a broad sense. He helped establish a people’s bank in Śrem. From 1876 to 1891 he served as a deputy in the Prussian Landtag and was active in the Polish Circle, advocating, among other things, for the preservation of Polish as a language of instruction in schools. He was an honorary conventual chaplain of the Order of Malta (a member since 1867).

On 14 December 1891 he was appointed Metropolitan Archbishop of Gniezno and Poznań, with the title of Primate of Poland. He assumed administration of the archdiocese on 13 January 1892, and on 17 January received episcopal consecration. In his episcopal ministry, despite the complex internal circumstances of the time, he placed the affairs of the Church at the forefront. He promoted within the archdiocese the so-called patronage movement outlined in Pope Leo XIII’s encyclical Rerum novarum. He founded the periodical Przewodnik Katolicki as well as the St. Adalbert Printing House and Bookstore in Poznań. He sought compromise on issues of Polish national rights; during the school strikes of 1901–1904 and 1906 he tried to ease tensions by submitting petitions to the German Emperor. At the same time, his conciliatory approach toward the partitioning power exposed him to criticism from parts of society, including circles associated with the newspapers Orędownik and Postęp. He opposed the Polonization -carried out by activists from the Prussian partition - of Upper Silesians within the Reich. He was an honorary member of the Poznań Society of Friends of Learning.