Enrique Mendiola
Historical marker of Mendiola Street

Enrique José Mendiola y Victorino (3 May 1859 — 30 March 1914) was a Filipino educator, author of textbooks and politician who advocated for the right to education in the Philippines. He has been alluded to as the "Educator of the Philippine Revolution".[1][2]

Early life and education

Enrique Mendiola was born on May 3, 1859 in San Miguel, Manila,[3] son of Quintín Mendiola, a blacksmith, and María Escolástica Victorino.[4]

He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from Manila's Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He began teaching after graduating from the University of Santo Tomas in law and later completed a course in philosophy and literature.[1]

Founder of schools

Mendiola founded the school named La Invención de la Santa Cruz (translation: The Invention of the Holy Cross) on Ongpin Street in Binondo, Manila — one among the first and unique schools administered by Filipinos at that time.[5] This school offered education from elementary to high school. In the second semester of the academic year 1898-1899, the school began offering English language courses under an American teacher.

Mendiola became the director of the Instituto Burgos school established by the Philippine revolutionary government in Malolos, Bulacan, and after that, during the United States occupation of the Philippines, he founded the school, Liceo de Manila together with other prominent figures of the Revolution.[6] The President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, recognized and warmly congratulated Mendiola in a historic letter,[7] for his important contributions in the field of education.

Legacy

Enrique Mendiola was appointed as the first member of the Board of Regents of the newly established University of the Philippines.[8] His pioneering work in the field of education in the Philippines is honorably mentioned by the National Artist for Historical Literature Carlos Quirino in his book of greats in Philippine history.[9]

Mendiola Street

Mendiola died on 30 March 1914, and Mendiola Street, the historic thoroughfare approaching the Malacanang Presidential Palace in Manila's University Belt (of which includes portions of San Miguel), was later named after him.[10]

  • Enrique Mendiola Street, in honor of the Educator of the Philippine Revolution

Books authored by Enrique Mendiola

This list may become longer.[11][12]

  • Programa de Gramática Castellana (1892) (translation: Spanish Grammar Program), a textbook for a first course in Spanish grammar
  • Programa de Gramática Castellana y Latina (1893) (translation: Spanish and Latin Grammar Program)
  • Programa de Historia Universal (1892) (translation: Universal History Program)
  • El Instructor Filipino (1898) (translation: The Filipino Instructor)
  • Doctrina Civil (1901), written with Ignacio B. Villamor (translation: Civil Doctrine)
  • A Puntes Sobre la Historia de Filipinas (1910) (translation:Notes on the History of the Philippines)
  • Principios de moral y educacion civica (1910) (translation:Principles of morality and civic education)

References

  1. ^ abde Viana, Augusto (2013). JOSE RIZAL AND THE DOMINICAN CONNECTION. • Arts & Humanities / Religious Studies. Philippines: University of Santo Tomas. p. 19.
  2. ^JOSE RIZAL AND THE DOMINICAN CONNECTION Connection with the Land | Course Hero
  3. ^Mendiola, ang paboritong pagdausan ng protesta | GMA News and Public Affairs (in Tagalog)
  4. ^Enrique Mendiola | Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation (in Tagalog), archived from the original on 2025-01-05, retrieved 2025-01-24
  5. ^"The History Behind Our Street Names" [The History Behind Our Street Names]. Rappler. 3 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2025. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  6. ^Rodriguez, Eulogio B. (1939). Ignacio Villamor: The Savant and the Man [Ignacio Villamor: The Wise and the Man]. Manila: Printing Office. p. 8. Retrieved 6 January 2025 – via Google Books.
  7. ^Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to Enrique Mendiola | Theodore Roosevelt Center, archived from the original on 2025-01-27, retrieved 2025-01-24
  8. ^Sionil, Phil C. (29 February 2024). "2 V. Mapa men and Aunt Sally" [Two boys of V. Mapa and Aunt Sally]. Manila Bulletin. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  9. ^Quirino, Carlos (1995). Who's Who In Philippine History. Philippines: Tahanan Books. p. 145. ISBN 971-630-035-2. Archived from the original on 2025-07-16. Retrieved 2025-01-24.
  10. ^Medina, Marielle (3 May 2019). "DID YOU KNOW: 160th birth anniversary of educator Enrique Mendiola". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  11. ^Enrique Mendiola | Hathi Trust
  12. ^Enrique Mendiola | elib.gov.ph: National Library of the Philippines (NLP), University of the Philippines (UP), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Department of Agriculture (DA), and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
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