Nacionalista Party
Conservative political party in the Philippines

Nacionalista Party
Partido Nacionalista
AbbreviationNP; Nacionalista
PresidentManny Villar
ChairpersonCynthia Villar
Secretary GeneralMark Villar
SpokespersonAce Barbers
FounderManuel L. Quezon
Sergio Osmeña
FoundedApril 29, 1907; 118 years ago (1907-04-29)[1]
Merger ofPartido Union Nacionalista[1][2]
Partido Independista Imediatista[1][2]
HeadquartersStarmall EDSA-Shaw 4F, EDSA corner Shaw Boulevard, Mandaluyong, Metro Manila
Youth wingYoung Nacionalistas
Membership1.2 million
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right[17]
National affiliationBagong Pilipinas (2024–2025)
Former:
ColorsNational colors:
  Red,   blue, and   white
Customary:
  Light green
  Orange
SloganAng Bayan Higit sa Lahat
('The Nation Above All')
Senate
4 / 24
House of Representatives
21 / 317
[18]
Provincial Governors
11 / 82
Provincial Vice Governors
8 / 82
Provincial Board Members
97 / 840
Website
www.nacionalistaparty.com

The Nacionalista Party (Filipino and Spanish: Partido Nacionalista; lit. 'Nationalist Party,' NP) is a political party in the Philippines that is the oldest existing party in the country and in Southeast Asia. It was responsible for leading the country throughout most of the 20th century since its founding in 1907; it was the ruling party from 1935 to 1946 (under Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña), 1953 to 1961 (under Ramon Magsaysay and Carlos P. Garcia), and 1965 to 1978 (under Ferdinand Marcos), and also was one of the two dominant political parties (along with the Liberal Party) throughout the existence of the Third Republic.

Ideology

The Nacionalista Party was initially created as a Filipino nationalist party that supported Philippine independence until 1946, when the United States granted independence to the country.[3][19][10] Since then, many scholarly articles that dealt with the history of political parties during the Third Republic agreed that the party has been increasingly populist,[8][9][10][11][12] although some have argued they have conservative[3][15] tendencies because of their opposition to the Liberal Party and the Progressive Party.

History

American Insular to Commonwealth era

The party was organized as a vehicle for Philippine independence, advocating self-rule; and espousing this advocacy through representation in the Philippine Assembly of 1907–1916, and in the succeeding Philippine Legislature of 1916–1935. The ranks of Nationalist politicians rose to prominence through the Commonwealth of the Philippines spanning 1935–1941, ending when political parties were replaced by a singular and monolithic KALIBAPI Party during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines.

Roxas and Quirino presidencies: 1946–1953

Break-away of the "Liberal" wing and 1946 elections

Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino, and their allies called for an early general election, which elects the president, vice president, and members of the Congress, and lobbied it to their allies in the United States Congress. In December 1945, the House Insular Affairs Committee of the US Congress approved the joint resolution, setting the election date by April 23, 1946.[20]

Prompted by this congressional action, President Sergio Osmeña called the Philippine Congress to a three-day special session. Congress enacted Commonwealth Act No. 725, setting the election date on April 23, 1946. President Osmeña signed the act on January 5, 1946.[20]

Nacionalista Party 1949 logo seen in Jose P. Laurel's presidential campaign (logo used from 1946 to 1953)

The Nacionalista Party was divided into two factions: the Conservative wing, also known as the pro-Osmeña wing, and the Liberal wing, which was led by Roxas and Quirino. On January 3, 1946, Osmeña announced his re-election bid. But the Liberal wing became the Liberal Party and was officially founded on January 19, 1946, with its leaders Roxas and Quirino as party nominees for president and vice president, respectively.[21][22][23]

On January 22, 1946, former Rizal congressman and Senator Eulogio "Amang" Rodriguez was nominated as Osmeña's running mate for vice president in a convention held at Ciro's Club in Manila. But the tandem of Osmeña and Rodriguez was defeated by Roxas and Quirino of Liberal.[20][23]

Opposition to the Roxas and Quirino Administrations

After the victory of the Liberals, Nacionalista only won 1 of 8 seats in the 1947 Senate election, by Camilo Osias.[24] In the 1949 presidential elections, Nacionalista fielded former "collaborator" and political veteran Jose P. Laurel, with former Senator and Supreme Court Associate Justice Manuel Briones as his running mate.[25] Even though the Nacionalistas had the advantage of the Liberals' divide, with Quirino running for his own full term and Senator José Avelino running with another wing, Quirino prevailed against Laurel. Former general and future diplomat Carlos P. Romulo and Marvin M. Gray considered the 1949 edition as the dirtiest election in Philippine electoral history.[26] In the senate election of the same year, anti-American Claro M. Recto only managed to win after an election protest.[27]

Magsaysay presidency: 1953–1957

Recruitment of Magsaysay vs. Quirino

1953 Nacionalista Convention
Candidate photo.jpg
Name Ramon Magsaysay Camilo Osías
Votes 702 49

Former President and then-Senator Jose P. Laurel initially had intentions to seek the Nacionalista's nomination for president in 1953 but did not go through with it. He then proposed to endorse then-Secretary of National Defense Ramon Magsaysay, whose successful anti-insurgency and anti-communist initiatives had strained his relations with President Quirino and the Liberal Party. But Senate President Camilo Osías sought the presidential nomination but ultimately lost to Magsaysay. This prompted Osias to jump to the Liberal Party. In the convention, Senator Carlos P. Garcia of Bohol was picked to be his running mate, defeating Jose Zulueta (who also jumped to the Liberal Party with Osias).[28]

Support from Democrats

Also, the country's ambassador to the United Nations, Carlos Romulo, and incumbent Vice President Fernando Lopez, who founded the Democratic Party from the Liberal Party and originally intended to run for president and vice president, respectively, withdrew, and Lopez sought a place in the Senate. The tandem of Magsaysay and Garcia won the election in 1953.[29] In the 1953 Senate elections, only Lorenzo Tañada won from a party other than Nacionalista or Democratic, while in 1955, the Nacionalistas swept all eight candidates.[28]

Garcia presidency: 1953–1957

After Magsaysay's plane crashed on Mt. Manunggal while riding a Douglas C-47 Skytrain, Carlos Garcia assumed the presidency for the last months of Magsaysay's unfinished term. He won a re-election in 1957, but for the first time in the electoral history of the Philippines, Garcia had a vice president who did not have the same party or his opponent's running mate as Garcia's running mate; Jose P. Laurel's son and former House Speaker Pepito Laurel was defeated by Kapampangan Congressman Diosdado Macapagal.

Juan Pajo, the then-governor of Bohol, held the Bible on which Garcia took oath, breaking the tradition wherein it is held by presidential spouses.[30] A faction led by Manuel Manahan and Raul Manglapus formed a pro-Magsaysay faction due to dissatisfaction of members of the Nacionalista Party over the "cold treatment" given to them by allies of Garcia. The faction later became the Progressive Party.[31]

Macapagal presidency: 1961–1965

In 1961,[32] incumbent President Garcia lost his opportunity for a second full term as president of the Philippines to Vice President Diosdado Macapagal. Also, Senator Gil Puyat, Garcia's running mate, lost to Senator Emmanuel Pelaez and was behind Serging Osmeña, the son of the party's founder.[33] Jose Roy and Lorenzo Sumulong are those Nacionalistas who managed to gain seats.

Nacionalista Party logo used from 1953 to 1986

Marcos presidency: 1965–1986

1965 elections: Rise of Ferdinand Marcos

In April 1964, Senate President Ferdinand Marcos resigned from the Liberal Party and joined the Nacionalista ship. He cited President Macapagal's unfulfilled promise of not running for re-election as the main reason for leaving his former party.[34] Before quitting his former party, Marcos served as its party president.[35] Also, incumbent Vice President Pelaez sought nomination, but Marcos prevailed in the 1964 Convention,[36] with controversies like coercion and massive vote buying.[37] By selecting Quirino's former Vice President Fernando Lopez, also a former Liberal, as his running mate, Marcos defeated Macapagal in the three-way 1965 elections.[38]

1969 elections: Marcos retained

Tarlac Governor Ninoy Aquino, a former Nacionalista stalwart under Ramon Magsaysay and Marcos' frat mate, became a Liberal in 1959 and won a senate seat in 1967. Aquino became a vocal opponent of Marcos for the next decade.[39]

Ramon Magsaysay's brother Genaro was recruited by the Liberal Party from the Nacionalista Party to be Serging Osmeña's running mate. Magsaysay won a senate seat as a Nacionalista in 1965.[40] Marcos was reelected for a second term. He was the first and last Filipino president and Nacionalista president to win a second full term.[41][42][43][44] His running mate, incumbent Vice President Lopez, was also elected to a third full term as vice president.

But Marcos's second term was characterized by social unrest, beginning with the 1969 Philippine balance of payments crisis, which was already underway during the second inauguration.[45] Opposition groups began to form, with "moderate" groups calling for political reform and "radical" groups who espoused a more radical-left ideology.[46][47][48]

1971: The Plaza Miranda bombing

After what happened with the Plaza Miranda bombing,[39] the Liberals won five seats, and the Nacionalistas won three seats by Eva Estrada Kalaw (also the Liberal's guest candidate), Ernie Maceda, and Alejandro Almendras.

In Marcos' 1971 State of the Nation Address, there is a sign in his speech that if the country's condition worsens, it is time to declare martial law.

So I come to speak of a society that is sick, so sick that it must either be cured and cured now or buried in a deluge of reforms.

— Ferdinand Marcos, 1971 State of the Nation Address titled The Democratic Revolution

Marcos also suspended the writ of habeas corpus by virtue of Proclamation No. 889, through which he assumed emergency powers.[49]

Marcos's second term effectively ended a little under two years and nine months later, when Marcos announced on September 23, 1972, that he had placed the Philippines under martial law.[50]

1978 elections: Elections under Martial Law and Fourth Republic

For the incoming 1978 parliamentary elections, some Nacionalista members joined the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL), a regime-controlled coalition akin to the Japanese occupation's KALIBAPI. With many preferring not to be involved, the Nacionalistas went into hibernation.[51]

1981: Alejo Santos

With the lifting of Martial Law by Proclamation 2045 on January 17, 1981,[52] Jose Roy was asked by Marcos to find an opponent against him, as Lakas ng Bayan (LABAN) and the United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO) declared a boycott on the election as early as April. As the opposition, UNIDO, the main opposition umbrella group, wanted to clean the voters' list, revamp the Commission on Elections, launch a nationwide campaign, and have them be accredited as a minority party. Marcos did not accept the demands, which led UNIDO to call for a boycott. This caused Marcos to be reportedly dismayed, as he could not legitimize the election without a viable opposition candidate.[53]

The Nacionalista Party chose former Defense Secretary and Bulacan governor Alejo Santos as their standard bearer. Santos, who was appointed by Marcos as chairman of the board of the Philippine Veterans Bank, had Francisco Tatad, Marcos' former information minister, as his campaign manager. Ultimately, Marcos won in a landslide.

1983: Together with UNIDO

After the assassination of their former member Ninoy Aquino, former Marcos loyalist and son of Jose P. Laurel, Salvador "Doy" Laurel led the Nacionalista to join UNIDO, thus becoming the main opposition against the dictatorship. Marcos called a snap election in 1986, thus giving Laurel a chance to be the face of the opposition to match Marcos. In the UNIDO convention with a jam-packed 25,000 delegates, Laurel had UNIDO's support, but unfortunately for him, Ninoy's spouse Cory, ran under her own campaign.[54] Due to Manila Archbishop Jaime Sin's plea of sliding down for Laurel, he agreed, and the two teamed up.[55][56]

1986: Snap election

As the Nacionalista Party, Liberal Party, and PDP–Laban united under UNIDO, they fielded Cory Aquino and Doy Laurel as their official nominees for president and vice president, respectively, for the 1986 election.[57][58] In the said election, violence was rampant, and cheating scandals and controversies arose,[59][60] with COMELEC officers walking out of the PICC, the place where COMELEC transmission of data happens.[61]

Lt. Col. Gringo Honasan, backed by former Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile, had plotted a coup d'état to seize Malacañang and kill Marcos and his family.[62] It also gave way for the success of the People Power Revolution on February 25.[63]

Corazon Aquino to Estrada's presidencies: 1986–2001

Under first Aquino administration

Years later, in the late 1980s, the party was revived under the leadership of Laurel, who resigned as Secretary of Foreign Affairs due to conflict with President Cory Aquino.[64]

Nacionalista logo from 1987 to 1991

1992 elections

In preparation for the 1992 elections, in 1990, the party had three candidates to seek the presidential nomination. These are Vice President Laurel, businessman and Marcos crony Danding Cojuangco, and former Defense Minister and Senator Juan Ponce Enrile. Some of the Nacionalistas, including the son of their late stalwart Vicente Duterte, Rodrigo Duterte, said that Cojuangco is the strongest candidate, as the latter can grab the Solid North vote.[65]

In the 1991 convention, the party nominated Laurel for president and selected Eva Kalaw to be his running mate. But after the party nomination, a pro-Danding Cojuangco/Marcos faction broke away and established the Nationalist People's Coalition led by Amang Rodriguez's son Isidro in 1991.[66] The tandem of Laurel and Kalaw is in last place in that election[67] All of the Nacionalistas who won seats in the lower house (House of Representatives) joined Jose De Venecia's Rainbow Coalition.[68] The party almost returns to hibernation for the next few years, with Valenzuela congressman Antonio Serapio as its only member in both chambers of Congress.

Arroyo presidency: 2001–2010

2001 elections

Homobono Adaza, former Bureau of Immigration commissioner, was running under the Nacionalista banner. The party did not join either the People Power Coalition or Pwersa ng Masa. Adaza's platform was to make the Marcos family liable for their 600 million wealth question.[69] But even though Adaza lost, in the House of Representatives, Nacionalista joined de Venecia's Sunshine Coalition.[70]

Nacionalista Party logo used since 1991

2003

In 2003, Doy Laurel searched for the next leader of the party, and he saw former House Speaker and Senator Manny Villar. Villar at that time was an independent politician who was previously affiliated with Lakas and Estrada's LAMMP. He then tapped Villar as chairman. Laurel died in the United States in January 2004.[71] Villar later assumed party presidency after the latter's death.[72]

2004 elections

Even though the party did not field any candidate in legislative and executive positions nationally, in 2004, the party, with the new leadership under its party chairman and president, Senator Villar,[72] supported then-incumbent President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, daughter of Diosdado Macapagal, who defeated their 1957 vice presidential candidate and stopped Carlos Garcia's reelection bid in 1961.[73][74]

2007 elections

For the 2007 elections, then-Senate President Villar led the Nacionalista into joining the opposition against Arroyo, the Genuine Opposition, to match the administration's TEAM Unity. But another re-electionist, Ralph Recto, moved away from the Nacionalista Party and joined with the admin camp.[75][76] Villar pushed his re-election bid into victory.

Also, by 2007, the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) is expected to merge with the party. KBL chairman Vicente Millora, who advocated a two-party system return, said the KBL is willing to merge with the Nacionalista Party if the two-party system is revived.[77]

2010 elections

In 2008, Manny Villar topped presidential surveys, despite the naked conflict of interest accusations at that time surrounding the C-5 Road extension project.[78] In the same year, he declared that he intended to run for president in the 2010 Philippine presidential election.[79] Until 2009, Villar still held the top spot in surveys for preferred presidential bets. But due to the death of former President Cory Aquino, her son, Senator Noynoy Aquino, began earning favor until finally surpassing him at around the tail end of the year.[80] During the election period, both candidates had a tight race, with the popularity of Manny Villar's jingle for his presidential campaign, Naging Mahirap (or Nakaligo ka na ba sa Dagat ng Basura),[81][82] prompting the creation of various memes on the internet.[83] He also used the slogan Tapusin ang Kahirapan (Tagalog for "End Poverty").[84]

Controversy over dominant minority status

In the 2010 general election, the Nacionalista and the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) formed an alliance after it was approved by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) on April 12, 2010.[85] Villar chose Senator Loren Legarda, who is a member of the NPC, as his running mate. This was formally approved by COMELEC through a resolution but on April 21, 2010, was blocked by the Supreme Court after a suit filed by an opposing party, the Liberal, calling the move a deliberate attempt at acquiring the dominant minority party status.[85] On May 6, 2010, the Supreme Court nullified the merger, therefore making the Liberal the dominant minority party. It was based on a resolution by the COMELEC that political parties had to be registered and accredited prior to a cut-off date of August 17, 2009.[86]

Senate slate

Villar organized the Senate slate of his ticket, composed of Pia Cayetano, Bongbong Marcos (who joined Nacionalista with his family due to a dispute with KBL members), Susan Ople, former Marine Colonel Ariel Querubin, former news reporter and congressman Gilbert Remulla, former military captain Ramon Mitra III, and Adel Tamano. They have also got Miriam Defensor Santiago of the People's Reform Party, Gwen Pimentel of PDP–Laban, activist Liza Maza, who is running independent, and Bayan Muna member and NDF member Satur Ocampo.[87]

Cancelled alliance with KBL

On November 20, 2009, the Nacionalista forged an alliance with the KBL at the Laurel House in Mandaluyong.[88][89] Bongbong Marcos was later on removed as a member by the KBL National Executive Committee on November 29.[90][89] As such, the party broke its alliance with the KBL due to internal conflicts within the party, though Marcos remained part of the Nacionalista's senatorial line-up, and his family members were sworn in as members of the Nacionalista Party.[88][91]

'Villaroyo' rumors

At the start of the campaign for 2010, President Arroyo had a -53 trust rating. This resulted in low survey ratings for the standard bearer of the administration, then Defense Secretary Gilbert Teodoro. Rumors started to speculate that Manny Villar was a "secret candidate" of Arroyo, thus earning them both the "Villaroyo" title, combining their surnames respectively.[92][93] Villar denied the accusation, and his ratings plummeted, with Joseph Estrada now placed second, surpassing him.[94]

Furthermore, the reopening of the issue of the C-5 project affected his survey ratings, with Satur Ocampo, one of the members of his senate line-up, saying that he should face senate hearings about the issue.[87]

Villar eventually lost to then-senator Noynoy Aquino, the son of former senator Ninoy Aquino and former president Corazon Aquino, while Legarda lost to Makati mayor Jejomar Binay.[95]

Noynoy Aquino to Rodrigo Duterte's presidency: 2010–2022

2013

Nacionalista forged a coalition with the Liberal Party, Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC), Sonny Angara's Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, Risa Hontiveros' Akbayan, and Magdalo led by Antonio Trillanes, who is also a Nacionalista member. The coalition became the Team PNoy.[96] Nacionalista members fielded are Trillanes, Villar's wife Cynthia, and Alan Peter Cayetano. The three won seats in the senate.[97]

2016

On an April 2015 cruise from Manila to Japan, the Nacionalista Party were supposed to decide on their plans for 2016. However, they were not able to form a consensus on what to do.[98] In May, Cynthia Villar said that they are considering adopting Grace Poe as their candidate.[99] By July, Trillanes said that it is possible, but not with the inclusion of Chiz Escudero, her running mate.[100] By September, she said that if Rodrigo Duterte decides to run for the presidency, the Nacionalistas might support him.[101]

By 2016, Alan Peter Cayetano, Bongbong Marcos, and Antonio Trillanes originally aspired to get the Nacionalista's nomination for the presidency.[102] But the three ran as candidates for vice president instead, and when PDP–Laban's Rodrigo Duterte substituted Martin Diño, the three sought to be selected as Duterte's running mate,[103][104] with Cayetano being the one picked in November.[105] At first, Cayetano was originally proposed by Mar Roxas' campaign team to be the latter's running mate. However, the Liberal Party decided to pick then-representative Leni Robredo, the widow of former Interior Secretary Jesse Robredo, as Roxas' running mate instead.[106] On the other hand, Marcos was tapped by Miriam Defensor Santiago as her running mate in October 2015.[107]

With multiple members angling for the vice presidency, Cynthia Villar said that the party wouldn't impose a stance on whom to support for the presidency if two or more members were to run for the vice presidency.[108] Duterte won, but Cayetano only finished third, with Marcos as second.

In 2022, while campaigning for Isko Moreno, a former Nacionalista, Duterte's former strategist Lito Banayo revealed that Duterte originally planned to run under the Nacionalista banner, but due to Cayetano, Marcos, and Trillanes' ambition, he jumped to PDP–Laban, Cory Aquino's former party.[102]

2019

Nacionalista fielded re-electionist Cynthia Villar and Bongbong's older sister, Ilocos Norte Governor Imee Marcos, to be senatorial candidates under the Hugpong ng Pagbabago. Both senators won.[109][110]

Bongbong Marcos' presidency: 2022–present

2022

In late 2021, Bongbong Marcos left the Nacionalista Party and joined Partido Federal ng Pilipinas to start his presidential bid.[111][112]

In October of the same year, one of its top officials, Senator Ralph Recto, endorsed Manila Mayor Isko Moreno's presidential run, as he stated that Nacionalista members are open to endorsing any candidate and did not have any unified endorsement.[113]

But before May 2022, Manny Villar endorsed the tandem of Bongbong Marcos and presidential daughter Sara Duterte. Despite this, Recto stuck to supporting Moreno.[114]

2025

In 2024, the Nacionalista Party forged an alliance with the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP) and joined the Alyansa para sa Bagong Pilipinas coalition alongside PFP, NPC, and NUP.[115] Nacionalista fielded Pia Cayetano, Camille Villar, Imee Marcos, and Ariel Querubin as candidates, but Marcos initially declined coalition membership and endorsement from her younger brother, President Bongbong Marcos, and Querubin later chose to run under the Riding-in-tandem Team alongside independent Bonifacio Bosita.[116][117] In February 2025, during the campaign, Marcos appeared with the coalition and was reintroduced by her brother. However, she left Alyansa for good on March 26, citing reasons based on the arrest of former President Duterte.[118] Villar and Marcos were later endorsed by Vice President Sara Duterte.[119]

Nacionalista presidents

As of 2026, there have been a total of 5 Nacionalista presidents. Those who won the presidency under other parties are not included.

# Name (lifespan) Portrait Province Presidency
start date 		Presidency
end date 		Time in office
2 Manuel Quezon
(1878– 1944) 		Tayabas November 15, 1935 August 1, 1944[a] 8 years, 260 days
4 Sergio Osmeña
(1878–1961) 		Cebu August 1, 1944 April 15, 1948 1 year, 323 days
7 Ramon Magsaysay
(1907–1957) 		Zambales December 30, 1953 March 17, 1957[a] 3 years, 77 days
8 Carlos P. Garcia
(1896–1971) 		Bohol March 18, 1957 December 30, 1961 4 years, 316 days
10 Ferdinand Marcos
(1917–1989) 		Ilocos Norte December 30, 1965 September 21, 1972[b] 6 years, 286 days

Notes

  1. ^ a b Died in office.
  2. ^ After the declaration of Martial Law, political parties melted. Marcos left Nacionalista to form Kilusang Bagong Lipunan in 1978.

Electoral performance

Presidential elections

Year Candidate Votes % Result Outcome
1935 Manuel L. Quezon 695,332 67.99 Won Manuel L. Quezon won
1941 Manuel L. Quezon 1,340,320 81.78 Won Manuel L. Quezon won
1946 Sergio Osmeña 1,129,996 45.71 Lost Manuel Roxas (Liberal) won
1949 José P. Laurel 1,318,330 37.22 Lost Elpidio Quirino (Liberal) won
1953 Ramon Magsaysay 2,912,992 68.90 Won Ramon Magsaysay won
1957 Carlos P. Garcia 2,072,257 41.28 Won Carlos P. Garcia won
1961 Carlos P. Garcia 2,902,996 44.95 Lost Diosdado Macapagal (Liberal) won
1965 Ferdinand Marcos 3,861,324 51.94 Won Ferdinand Marcos won
1969 Ferdinand Marcos 5,017,343 61.47 Won Ferdinand Marcos won
1981 Alejo Santos 1,716,449 8.25 Lost Ferdinand Marcos (KBL) won
1986 None; Laurel's running mate was Corazon Aquino (UNIDO) 9,291,716 46.10 Disputed Corazon Aquino (UNIDO) assumed presidency
1992 Salvador Laurel 770,046 3.40 Lost Fidel V. Ramos (Lakas–NUCD) won
1998 None N/a Joseph Estrada (LAMMP) won
2004 None; endorsed Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (Lakas–CMD) N/a Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (Lakas–CMD) won
2010 Manuel Villar 5,573,835 15.42 Lost Benigno Aquino III (Liberal) won
2016 None N/a Rodrigo Duterte (PDP–Laban) won
2022 None; endorsed Bongbong Marcos (PFP) N/a Bongbong Marcos (PFP) won

Vice presidential elections

Year Candidate Votes % Result Outcome
1935 Sergio Osmeña 812,352 86.93 Won Sergio Osmeña won
1941 Sergio Osmeña 1,445,897 92.10 Won Sergio Osmeña won
1946 Eulogio Rodriguez 1,051,243 47.38 Lost Elpidio Quirino (Liberal) won
1949 Manuel Briones 1,184,215 46.08 Lost Fernando López (Liberal) won
1953 Carlos P. Garcia 2,515,265 62.90 Won Carlos P. Garcia won
1957 José Laurel Jr. 1,783,012 37.91 Lost Diosdado Macapagal (Liberal) won
1961 Gil Puyat 1,787,987 28.06 Lost Emmanuel Pelaez (Liberal) won
1965 Fernando López 3,531,550 48.48 Won Fernando López won
1969 Fernando López 5,001,737 62.75 Won Fernando López won
1986 Salvador Laurel[n 1] 9,173,105 45.85 Disputed Salvador Laurel assumed vice presidency
1992 Eva Estrada Kalaw 255,730 1.25 Lost Joseph Estrada (NPC) won
1998 None N/a Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (Lakas–NUCD–UMDP) won
2004 None; endorsed Noli de Castro (Independent) N/a Noli de Castro (Independent) won
2010 None; Villar's running mate was Loren Legarda (NPC) 14,645,574 41.65 Lost Jejomar Binay (PDP–Laban) won
2016 None[n 2] N/a Leni Robredo (Liberal) won
2022 None; endorsed Sara Duterte (Lakas–CMD) N/a Sara Duterte (Lakas–CMD) won

Legislative elections

1907–1912

Philippine Assembly

Year Votes % Seats +/– Result
1907 34,277 35.71
32 / 80
 N/A Won
1909 92,996 48.19
62 / 81
 Increase 30 Won
1912 124,753 53.35
62 / 81
 Steady Won

1916–1935

In 1916, the House of Representatives was still called the Philippine Assembly.

Senate elections Senate Seats won +/– Result House /
Assembly election 		House Seats won +/- Result
1916
22 / 24
 N/A Won 1916
75 / 90
 Increase 13 Won
1919
9 / 11
 Steady Won 1919
83 / 90
 Decrease 5 Won
1922
8 / 11
 Decrease 5 Split 1922
64 / 93
 Decrease 19 Split
1925
7 / 11
 Decrease 4 Won 1925
64 / 92
 Steady Won
1928
9 / 11
 Increase 5 Won 1928
71 / 94
 Increase 7 Won
1931
7 / 11
 Decrease 1 Won 1931
68 / 86
 Decrease 3 Won
1934
11 / 11
 Decrease 1 Won 1934
89 / 92
 Increase 21 Split

Philippine Assembly

Year Votes % Seats +/– Result
1907 34,277 35.71
32 / 80
 N/A Won
1909 92,996 48.19
62 / 81
 Increase 30 Won
1912 124,753 53.35
62 / 81
 Steady Won
1916 # %
75 / 90
 Increase 13 Won

National Assembly (1935–1941)

Year Votes % Seats +/– Result
1935 # %
83 / 89
 Decrease 1 Won
1938 # %
98 / 98
 Increase 15 Won

National Assembly (1943–1944)

Year Votes % Seats +/– Result
1943 Did not participate N/A —

1941–1971: Bicamercal Commonwealth to Third Republic

The Senate was abolished from 1935 until 1941.

Senate
elections 		Senate
seats 		+/– Result President House
seats 		+/– Result House
elections
1941
24 / 24
 N/A Won Manuel Quezon
95 / 98
 Decrease 3 Won 1941
1946
6 / 16
 Decrease 3 Lost Manuel Roxas
35 / 98
 Decrease 60 Lost 1946
1947
2 / 8
 Decrease 4 Lost
1949
0 / 8
 Decrease 4 Lost Elpidio Quirino
33 / 100
 Decrease 2 Lost 1949
1951
9 / 9
 Increase 8 Won
1953
5 / 8
 Increase 2 Won Ramon Magsaysay
31 / 102
 Decrease 2 Won 1953
1955
9 / 9
 Increase 6 Won
1957
6 / 8
 Decrease 1 Won Carlos P. Garcia
82 / 102
 Increase 51 Won 1957
1959
5 / 8
 Decrease 1 Won
1961
2 / 8
 Decrease 4 Lost Diosdado Macapagal
74 / 104
 Decrease 8 Won 1961
1963
4 / 8
 Decrease 2 Majority
1965
5 / 8
 Increase 1 Won Ferdinand E. Marcos
38 / 104
 Decrease 36 Lost 1965
1967
6 / 8
 Increase 4 Won
1969
6 / 8
 Increase 2 Won
88 / 110
 Increase 50 Won 1969
1971
3 / 8
 Decrease 1 Won

1987–present

Senate election Senate Seats won Result House elections House Seats won +/– Result
1987 Participated under
Grand Alliance for Democracy 		N/A Minority 1987
4 / 200
 Increase 2 Minority
1992
0 / 24
 Decrease 2 Lost 1992
7 / 200
 Increase 3 Majority
1995 Did not participate Steady — 1995
1 / 204
 Decrease 6 Majority
1998 Did not participate Steady — 1998
0 / 258
 Decrease 1 Lost
2001
0 / 24
 Steady Lost 2001 Did not participate Steady —
2004 Did not participate Steady — 2004
2 / 261
 Increase 2 Majority
2007
3 / 24
 Increase 3 Majority 2007
11 / 270
 Increase 9 Majority
2010
4 / 24
 Increase 1 Split 2010
25 / 286
 Increase14 Split
2013
5 / 24
 Increase 1 Majority 2013
10 / 292
 Decrease 15 Majority
2016
3 / 24
 Decrease 2 Split 2016
24 / 297
 Increase 14 Majority
2019
4 / 24
 Increase 1 Majority 2019
42 / 304
 Increase 18 Majority
2022
4 / 24
 Steady Split 2022
36 / 316
 Decrease 6 Split
2025
4 / 24
 Steady 0 Split 2025
21 / 317
 Decrease 15 Split

Notes

  1. ^ Laurel stood under the banner of the multi-party electoral alliance UNIDO.
  2. ^ Nacionalista Party members Alan Peter Cayetano, Bongbong Marcos and Antonio Trillanes stood as independent candidates without the party's endorsement; all lost.

Independent Nacionalista

"Independent Nacionalista," or denoted as "Nacionalista (independent)" on candidate lists, refers to politicians who had aligned themselves with the Nacionalista Party but did not win its nomination or run under its label. This term was used during the Third Philippine Republic, which had a two-party system. In the current Fifth Republic and under the multi-party system, candidates are no longer identified in this manner.

Notable Nacionalistas

Past

Throughout their careers, many of the country's politicians, statesmen, and leaders were, in whole or in part, Nacionalistas. Notable names include the following:

Presidents

Vice Presidents

Senators

Others

Most of these individuals embody solid political traditions of economic and political nationalism that are pertinent today, even with the party's subsequent decline.

Current party officials

Some members of the House of Representatives and Senate include—but are not limited to—the following:

Nacionalista-affiliated parties

Candidates for Philippine general elections

2010

Presidential ticket

For senator

2013

For senator

All members ran under the administration coalition, Team PNoy.

2016

For vice president

Three members ran for vice president albeit as independent candidates.

For senator

2019

For senator

All candidates ran under the administration coalition, Hugpong ng Pagbabago.

2022

For senator

2025

For senator

All candidates ran under the administration coalition, Alyansa para sa Bagong Pilipinas.

Running for Senator albeit as independent candidate

Members during the 19th Congress

Senate

House of Representatives

District Representatives

Partylist allies

  • Ronnie Ong (Ang Probinsyano)
  • Naealla Rose Bainto-Aguinaldo (Bahay)
  • Michael Edgar Aglipay (DIWA)
  • Sharon Garin (AAMBIS-OWA)
  • Rico Geron (AGAP)
  • Irene Gay Saulog (Kalinga)
  • Allan Ty (LPGMA)
  • Francisco Datol Jr. (Senior Citizen)

Nacionalista Party presidents

No. Picture Name Start of term End of term
1. Sergio Osmeña 1907 1935
2. Manuel L. Quezon 1935 1944
3. Sergio Osmeña 1944 1953
4. Eulogio Rodriguez 1953 1964
5. Gil Puyat 1964 1970
6. Jose Roy 1970 1986
7. Salvador Laurel 1986 2003
8. Manny Villar 2003 Incumbent

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Nacionalista Party". Archived from the original on March 6, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  2. ^ a b "The History of the First Philippine Assembly (1907-1916)". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. September 5, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c Dayley, Robert (2016). Southeast Asia In The New International Era. Avalon Publishing. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
  4. ^ a b Guillermo A. Historical Dictionary of the Philippines. Maryland, USA: Scarecrow Press. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
  5. ^ [3][4]
  6. ^ Teehankee, Julio (2016). "Weak State, Strong Presidents: Situating the Duterte Presidency in Philippine Political Time". Journal of Developing Societies. 3 (3).
  7. ^ Dayley, Robert (August 2, 2016). Southeast Asia in the New International Era. Avalon. ISBN 978-0-8133-5011-0.
  8. ^ a b Bertrand, J. (2013). Political Change in Southeast Asia. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  9. ^ a b Berneo, N.; Yashar, D. (2016). Parties, Movements, and Democracy in the Developing World. New York: Cambridge University Press USA.
  10. ^ a b c Celoza, A. Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism. Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  11. ^ a b Simbulan, D. (2005). The Modern Principalia: The Historical Evolution of the Philippine Ruling Oligarchy. Quezon City: UP Press.
  12. ^ a b Del Rosario, Simon G. (1973). An Integrated Course on Communism and Democracy. SGR Research & Pub.
  13. ^ [8][9][10][11][12]
  14. ^ a b "The Challenges and Achievements of the Third Philippine Republic (1946-1972)". sinaunangpanahon.com. April 30, 2025.
  15. ^ a b Philippine Journal of Public Administration, Volumes 34–35 (1990). UP College of Public Administration. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  16. ^ M. Troy Burnett, ed. (2020). Nationalism Today: Extreme Political Movements around the World [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 584.
  17. ^ [15][4][16]
  18. ^ Arcangel, Xianne (November 15, 2023). "PDP-Laban's membership dwindles, Lakas-CMD now dominant House party". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
  19. ^ Liow, J.; Leifer, M. (1995). Dictionary of the Modern Politics of Southeast Asia. New York: Routledge. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
  20. ^ a b c Oaminal, Clarence Paul (May 16, 2018). "Don Sergio S. Osmeña Sr. is betrayed by his Nacionalista senators in the 1946 election". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  21. ^ Jimenez, Josephus B. "Quo vadis, Liberal Party: Past, present and future". Philstar.com. Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  22. ^ Teehankee, Julio Cabral (2020). "Factional Dynamics in Philippine Party Politics, 1900–2019". Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs. 39 (98–123). Sage Journals.
  23. ^ a b Calica, Aurea (December 27, 2007). "NP, LP gearing up for 2010". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  24. ^ "Camilo Osias was born on March 28, 1889, in La Union". The Kahimyang Project. August 5, 2024. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  25. ^ Oaminal, Clarence Paul (May 17, 2018). "M.C. Briones, VP candidate, 1949 presidential election". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  26. ^ "Elpidio Quirino". Retrieved August 9, 2009.
  27. ^ "Part III. Recto changed our history and our lives". Archived from the original on December 15, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2013.
  28. ^ a b Philippine Electoral Almanac. The Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. 2013. p. 28. Archived from the original on April 9, 2014.
  29. ^ Jimenez, Josephus B. (September 10, 2021). "The historic saga of the Nacionalista Party". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  30. ^ Baclig, Cristina Eloisa (June 21, 2022). "Presidential inaugurations: Traditions, rituals, trivia". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  31. ^ "Filipino idol is "alive" again". Sydney Morning Herald. November 3, 1957. Retrieved August 26, 2011.
  32. ^ Meadows, Martin (1962). "Philippine Political Parties and the 1961 Election". Pacific Affairs. 35 (3): 261–274. doi:10.2307/2753186. ISSN 0030-851X.
  33. ^ Soliven, Maximo V. (1962). "The Elections 1961". Philippine Studies. 10 (1): 3–31. ISSN 0031-7837.
  34. ^ "Senator Marcos was elected president of the Liberal Party January 21, 1961". The Kahimyang Project. January 23, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
  35. ^ BASAGAN NG TRIP: What liberalism, LP, & yellow really mean, retrieved July 5, 2023
  36. ^ Butwell, Richard (1965). "The Philippines: Prelude to Elections". Asian Survey. 5 (1): 43–48. doi:10.2307/2642180. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 2642180.
  37. ^ Marfori, Berry (May 3, 2009). "The life and times of Emmanuel Pelaez: A Cinematic View of History". Philstar.com. Retrieved June 22, 2025.
  38. ^ Gloria, Glenda (March 5, 2022). "[ANALYSIS] How Ferdinand Marcos' 1965 election campaign turned Central Luzon into a war zone". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  39. ^ a b Hamilton-Paterson, James (August 21, 2014). America's Boy: The Marcoses and the Philippines. Faber & Faber. ISBN 9780571320196.
  40. ^ "Senators Profile: Genaro F. Magsaysay". Senate of the Philippines. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  41. ^ Timberman, David G. (1991). A changeless land: continuity and change in Philippine politics. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 63. ISBN 9789813035867.
  42. ^ Boudreau, Vincent (2004). Resisting dictatorship: repression and protest in Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-521-83989-1.[permanent dead link]
  43. ^ Hedman, Eva-Lotta E. (2006). In the name of civil society: from free election movements to people power in the Philippines. University of Hawaii Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-8248-2921-6.
  44. ^ McCoy, Alfred W. (2009). Policing America's empire: the United States, the Philippines, and the rise of the surveillance state. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-299-23414-0.
  45. ^ Magno, Alexander R., ed. (1998). "Democracy at the Crossroads". Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9:A Nation Reborn. Hong Kong: Asia Publishing Company Limited.
  46. ^ Talitha Espiritu Passionate Revolutions: The Media and the Rise and Fall of the Marcos Regime Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2017.
  47. ^ Daroy, Petronilo Bn. (1988). "On the Eve of Dictatorship and Revolution". In Javate-de Dios, Aurora; Daroy, Petronilo Bn.; Kalaw-Tirol, Lorna (eds.). Dictatorship and revolution : roots of people's power (1st ed.). Metro Manila: Conspectus. ISBN 978-9919108014. OCLC 19609244.
  48. ^ "A History of the Philippine Political Protest". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved December 10, 2018.
  49. ^ Simafrania, Eduardo D. (August 21, 2006). "Commemorating Ninoy Aquino's assassination". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on October 18, 2007. Retrieved October 27, 2007.
  50. ^ "Declaration of Martial Law". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on October 15, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
  51. ^ "Philippines - Local government". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
  52. ^ "Proclamation No. 2045, s. 1981". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. January 17, 1981. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  53. ^ Celoza, Albert (1997). Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism. Praeger Publishers. pp. 73–76. ISBN 978-0-275-94137-6.
  54. ^ See Maria Felisa Syjuco Tan, Highlights of Philippine History Volume 3: The Marcos Years 1965–1986 (Quezon City: Pantas Publishing, 2017), pp. 194–195; Nick Joaquin, "DOY LAUREL in Profile" (Collector's Edition: 2012)
  55. ^ Benigno, Teodoro C. (January 30, 2004). "Salvador (Doy) Laurel". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  56. ^ Bondoc, Jarius (March 2, 2022). "Flashback: Laurel's self-sacrifice to unite the Opposition in 1986". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  57. ^ Pollard, Vincent Kelly (2004). Globalization, democratization and Asian leadership: power sharing, foreign policy and society in the Philippines and Japan. Ashgate Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-7546-1539-2.
  58. ^ Parnell, Philip C. (2003). "Criminalizing Colonialism: Democracy Meets Law in Manila". In Parnell, Philip C.; Kane, Stephanie C. (eds.). Crime's power: anthropologists and the ethnography of crime. Palgrave-Macmillan. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-4039-6179-2.
  59. ^ Zunes, Stephen; Asher, Sarah Beth; Kurtz, Lester (November 5, 1999). Nonviolent Social Movements: A Geographical Perspective. Wiley. p. 129. ISBN 978-1-57718-076-0. Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  60. ^ "NAMFREL". www.namfrel.com.ph. Archived from the original on August 9, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  61. ^ "The Final Report of the Fact-Finding Commission: IV: Military Intervention in the Philippines: 1986 – 1987". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Official Gazette of the Government of the Philippines. October 3, 1990. Archived from the original on October 21, 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  62. ^ "Gringo plotted to kill Marcos – Almonte". Rappler. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
  63. ^ Crisostomo, Isabelo T. (April 1, 1987), Cory, Profile of a President: The Historic Rise to Power of Corazon, Branden Books, p. 257, ISBN 978-0-8283-1913-3, archived from the original on November 7, 2023, retrieved December 3, 2007.
  64. ^ Sison, Jose C. (February 28, 2014). "Failed revolution". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  65. ^ Bigornia, Amante E. (December 29, 1990). "Davao politics now polarized". Manila Standard. Kagitingan Publications, Inc. p. 4. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
  66. ^ Pedrosa, Carmen N. (October 18, 2009). "Vote for political parties with programs". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  67. ^ Jimenez, Josephus B. (July 9, 2021). "Learning from the 1992 and 1998 presidential polls". www.philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  68. ^ Villanueva, Marichu A. (June 3, 2016). "Rainbow coalition reborn". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  69. ^ "Senate bet to ask Supreme Court to stop publication of poll surveys". Philstar.com. April 20, 2001. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  70. ^ "'Sunshine Coalition' bubuwagin sa 13th Congress". Philstar.com. June 10, 2004. Retrieved October 6, 2024.
  71. ^ Santos, Sammy (January 29, 2004). "Laurel, 75, dies of cancer in US". Philstar.com. Retrieved April 12, 2025.
  72. ^ a b "Villar bagong pangulo ng Nacionalista Party". Philstar.com. February 17, 2004. Retrieved April 12, 2025.
  73. ^ "Necro rites for Laurel today". Philstar.com. February 1, 2004. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  74. ^ Villanueva, Marichu A. (March 5, 2004). "Villar rallies behind Arroyo, K-4". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  75. ^ Villanueva, Marichu A. (February 1, 2007). "United opposition comes up with 5 Senate slates". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  76. ^ Punongbayan, Michael (February 12, 2007). "Opposition finalizes lineup". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  77. ^ Echeminada, Perseus (November 30, 2007). "Liberal Party, Nacionalista gearing to raid Lakas-NUCD ranks – Apostol". Philstar.com. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
  78. ^ "Villar una sa survey". Philstar.com. November 18, 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  79. ^ "Villar declares 2010 presidential bid". Philstar.com. June 7, 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  80. ^ "Pulse Asia's December 2009 Pre-election Survey". Archived from the original on June 16, 2010.
  81. ^ Mejia, Gab (October 18, 2019). "Environmentalism is a right, not a privilege". The Manila Times. The Manila Times Publishing Corp. Retrieved October 8, 2020. ... Manuel 'Manny' Villar, who ran for president in 2010 with his infamous political jingle: 'Nakaligo ka na ba sa dagat ng basura?'
  82. ^ Pe, Roger (April 9, 2010). "Which political ad lines strike you the most?". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Inquirer Group of Companies. p. B2-1. Retrieved October 8, 2020. Kids are singing Manny Villar's anthem song, "Nakaligo ka na ba sa dagat ng basura" with gusto and, alas, surprisingly remembering the lyrics.
  83. ^ De Asis, Camille; Lim, Ivan; Tare, Mark; Poe, Angela (May 17, 2010). "Joke the vote, pun the bets". Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. Retrieved October 8, 2020. On Facebook, fan pages poked fun at the presidential candidates. One of the most popular was the anti-Villar fan page called 'Sige MANNY VILLAR ikaw na ang MAHIRAP.' It has enrolled 126,082 members.
  84. ^ Señeres, Roy (March 28, 2010). "Kahirapan at kurakutan". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  85. ^ a b Alvarez, Kathrina (April 12, 2010). "NP-NPC coalition formally granted (5:15 p.m.)". Sun.Star Cebu. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
  86. ^ Torres, Tetch (May 6, 2010). "SC nullifies NP-NPC coalition". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 9, 2010. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  87. ^ a b Esposo, William M. "When bad situations get worse for Manny Villar". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  88. ^ a b "Feed a hungry child this Christmas". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 8, 2013. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  89. ^ a b "Bongbong disowned by KBL after alliance with Villar". Philstar.com. November 21, 2009. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
  90. ^ "Filing of COCs at Comelec on Day 4". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on September 9, 2012. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
  91. ^ "Marcos kay Villar na!". Philstar.com. November 21, 2009. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
  92. ^ Pedroche, Al G. (April 21, 2010). "'Villaroyo' at ang Bangon landslide sa Hong Kong". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  93. ^ Cerna, Antolin dela (April 19, 2010). "Villaroyo o Aquinoroyo?". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  94. ^ "Erap overtakes Villar in Puno's secret survey". Philstar.com. April 25, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  95. ^ Calica, Aurea (June 11, 2010). "Noynoy: Call me 'P-Noy'". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  96. ^ Gutierrez, Natashya (October 1, 2012). "Aquino launches own rainbow coalition". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 7, 2024.
  97. ^ "(UPDATE) Comelec proclaims all 12 winning senatorial bets". Philstar.com. May 18, 2013. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  98. ^ Ager, Maila (May 4, 2015). "NP fails to reach consensus on 2016 poll plans". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  99. ^ Gita, Ruth Abbey; Cahinhinan, John Carlo (May 19, 2015). "Nacionalista Party open to adopt Poe as 2016 candidate". Sun.Star Manila. Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  100. ^ Ager, Maila (July 23, 2015). "Nacionalista may support Poe but not Escudero, says Trillanes". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved June 9, 2025.
  101. ^ Gita, Ruth Abbey (September 1, 2015). "NP to support Duterte if he runs for president in 2016". Sun.Star Manila. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
  102. ^ a b Gamboa, Marc (March 22, 2022). "Reaksyon ng Team ISKO sa pag endorso ng PDP Laban kay Marcos!". Models of Manila TV. Naalala ko po nung 2016, nung 2015 pa, nung inuudyukan namin siyang [Mayor Rodrigo Duterte] tumuloy na kumandidato na [sa] pakapangulo ng bansa, ang talagang gusto niya ay maging official candidate ng Nacionalista Party.
  103. ^ Macaraig, Ayee (October 5, 2015). "Marcos: I am running for vice president". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  104. ^ ALVAREZ, KATHRINA CHARMAINE (September 19, 2017). "Trillanes admits meeting Duterte for possible team-up in 2016". GMA News Online. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  105. ^ Ranada, Pia (November 23, 2015). "Duterte confirms tandem with Alan Peter Cayetano". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  106. ^ Dangcalan, Danny B. (September 6, 2015). "Roxas-Cayetano shaping up as LP tandem in 2016". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  107. ^ Sy, Marvin (October 15, 2015). "Miriam picks Bongbong". www.philstar.com. Retrieved June 9, 2025.
  108. ^ "Marcos, Cayetano, Trillanes for VP? NP to declare 'free zone'". Rappler.com. August 17, 2015. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
  109. ^ Macasero, Ryan (March 5, 2019). "Imee Marcos to release statement on college degree controversy, says Sara Duterte". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  110. ^ Romero, Robertzon Ramirez, Paolo (February 13, 2019). "Hugpong ng Pagbabago kicks off campaign in Pampanga". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  111. ^ Patag, Kristine Joy (October 5, 2021). "Bongbong Marcos announces bid for presidency". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  112. ^ "'Ousted' PFP chair files petition against Marcos candidacy". Philstar.com. December 2, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  113. ^ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (October 16, 2021). "Recto to Batangueños: Let's give Isko Moreno 1 million votes". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  114. ^ Gregorio, Xave (March 29, 2022). "Marcos' former party Nacionalista endorses him for president". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  115. ^ Romero, Alexis (August 9, 2024). "Marcos Jr's political party, Villar's Nacionalista forge alliance". Philstar.com. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
  116. ^ Magsambol, Bonz (September 28, 2024). "Imee Marcos withdraws from administration coalition's 2025 Senate slate". RAPPLER. Retrieved October 14, 2024.
  117. ^ Flores, Dominique Nicole (February 17, 2025). "Bosita, Querubin team up for Senate race in 2025 midterm polls". Philstar.com. Retrieved June 18, 2025.
  118. ^ Abarca, Charie; postie (March 26, 2025). "Imee Marcos leaves Bongbong-backed Alyansa Para sa Bagong Pilipinas". Inquirer.net. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  119. ^ Domingo, Katrina (April 21, 2025). "Sara Duterte endorsed Imee, Camille Villar due to 'common vision for prosperous, united PH'". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved April 26, 2025.
  120. ^ Laurel was a member of the NP before 1942 and from 1945 to 1959. During his tenure as president, he was affiliated with KALIBAPI.
  121. ^ During the 1946 presidential election, Roxas, who was a member of the liberal wing of the NP, formed the Liberal Party and eventually moved there.
  122. ^ Moved to the Liberal Party during the 1946 presidential election.
  123. ^ In 1978, Marcos left the NP and formed his own political party known as the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL).
  124. ^ Estrada was a member of the NP during his term as the mayor of San Juan and senator. In 1991, he formed his own party known as the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP).
  125. ^ Duterte was a member of the NP during his term as mayor of Davao City. Duterte left the party in 1998, when he joined LAMMP. He won the presidency in 2016 under PDP–Laban and formed the Coalition for Change with NP.
  126. ^ Marcos was a member of the NP during his term as senator until 2016. He left the party and joined the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP), of which he became the chairman.
  • Media related to Nacionalista Party at Wikimedia Commons
  • Nacionalista Party on Facebook
  • The Jones Act
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nacionalista_Party&oldid=1332161897"