Negevite pottery

Negevite pottery, Negev pottery, Negebite ware, etc. are the names given to a hand-made ware, i.e. without using the potter's wheel, found in Iron Age sites of the Negev desert,[1][2][3] southern Jordan, and the Shfela of Israel.[4] However, its use was not limited to the Iron Age, starting instead in the Early Bronze Age and continuing uninterruptedly until the Early Muslim period.[5]

It was produced from coarse clay containing straw and other organic materials. It was discovered by C. Leonard Woolley and T. E. Lawrence in the northeastern Sinai, found again by Nelson Glueck in Tell el-Kheleifeh, and at last identified by Yohanan Aharoni as the wares manufactured and used by the people of the desert. Negevite wares show some similarities with Midianite pottery bowls (in form) and with Edomite pottery (in decoration).

Negevite cylindrical vessels found at excavations of Iron Age IIA sites in the Negev Highlands represent the largest and most dominant ceramic assemblage of simple-shaped vessels discovered in Israel.[6]

Date and significance

Negevite pottery has been used in the Negev, without typological changes, from the Early Bronze II and Middle Bronze I ages throughout the Early Muslim period.[5] This means that it can not be used independently as a marker for the Iron Age or any other period for that matter, and can itself only be dated indirectly, based on the wheel-made pottery found in the same stratigraphic context, which is mostly non-local and is period-specific.[5]

However, Negevite pottery is found everywhere at Iron Age sites in the Negev, importantly in the mining sites of the Timna valley in Arabah, and Tell el-kheleife in southern Jordan, and constitutes almost the only source of information about the nomadic pastoralists who lived there, available to the archaeologists.[5] Juan Manuel Tebes suggests that Negevite ware was produced in pastoral households for domestic use, and that the movements of the pastoral groups dictates its geographical distribution.[5]

References

  1. ^近東考古学：読本、スザンヌ・リチャード編
  2. ^アヴナー、ウジ (2014).テベス、フアン・マヌエル (編)。エジプトのティムナ – 再考(PDF)。古代近東研究 (ANES)。 Vol.補足 45。ルーヴェン: Peeters Publishers。 103–163 ページ [139–40]。ISBN 9789042929739. 2021年9月29日閲覧。{{cite book}}:|work=無視されました (ヘルプ)
  3. ^ Meshel, Z. (2002).ネゲヴ陶器はイスラエル時代のネゲヴ社会の特質を反映しているか？『アハロン・ケンピンスキー記念巻：考古学および関連分野の研究（ベエルシェバ：聖書・古代近東学科研究15）』S.アヒトフとED.オーレン編、ベエルシェバ：ベン・グリオン・ネゲヴ大学出版局。
  4. ^ A. Dagan、「ネゲブ地方を超えたネゲバイト陶器」、テルアビブ38（2011）：208-219。
  5. ^ a b c d eテベス、フアン・マヌエル (2006)。「鉄器時代の「ネゲバイト」陶器：再評価」(PDF)。アンティグオ・オリエンテ(4)。ブエノスアイレス: 95–117 [95, 97] 。2021 年9 月 29 日に取得。
  6. ^ザパスキー、エレナ；フィンケルシュタイン（イスラエル）；ベネンソン、イツァク（2006年12月）「古代の体積基準：ネゲヴィテ鉄器時代陶器（イスラエル）を3Dモデリングのケーススタディとして」 Journal of Archaeological Science 33 ( 12 ) : 1734– 1743. Bibcode : 2006JArSc..33.1734Z . doi : 10.1016/j.jas.2006.03.005 .

さらに読む

  • Y. アハロニ、M. イベナリ、L. シャナン、NH タドモール。 「ネゲブの古代砂漠農業、V：ラマト・マトレッドのイスラエル人の農業集落」。イスラエル探検ジャーナル10 (1960): 23–36、97–111。
  • M. ハイマン＆Y. ゴレン「『ネゲヴィト』陶器：新たな側面と解釈、そして陶芸技術の名称における牧畜の役割」O. バー＝ヨセフ＆A. カザノフ編『レヴァント地方の牧畜：人類学的観点から見た考古学的資料』世界考古学モノグラフ第10号、マディソン、先史出版社、1992年、143～152ページ。
  • MAS Martin他「イスラエル、ネゲブ高原の鉄IIAスラグ焼き戻し陶器」Journal of Archaeological Science 40/10 (2013): 3777–3792。
  • JM Tebes、「鉄器時代のネゲヴィ陶器：再評価」、Antiguo Oriente 4（2006）：95–117。
  • N. Yahalom-Mack他「スラグ焼き戻しネゲブ高地陶器の鉛同位体分析」Antiguo Oriente 13 (2015): 83–98。
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