Timeline of Trieste

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Trieste in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of Italy.

Prior to 19th century

• 79 AD – Via Flavia (Dalmatia–Tergeste) built.
• 1203 – Captured by the Republic of Venice.^[1]
• 1320 – Trieste Cathedral built.
• 1352 – Public clock installed (approximate date).^[2]
• 1382 – Trieste becomes a Habsburgimperial free city.^[1]
• 1385 – Trieste Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
• 1680 – Castle built.^[1]
• 1682 – Church of Santa Maria Maggiore built.^[1]
• 1719 – City becomes a free port.^[3][1]
• 1753 – Nautical School founded.
• 1755 – Trieste Commodity Exchange established.
• 1756 – Canal Grande (Trieste) constructed.^[4]
• 1776 – Karl von Zinzendorf becomes governor of Trieste.
• 1783 – Jewish primary school opens.
• 1784 – L'Osservatore Triestino newspaper begins publication.^[5]
• 1787 – Greek Orthodox Church of San Nicolò dei Greci built.
• 1793 – Pubblica Biblioteca Arcadica Triestina (library) established.^[6]

19th century

• 1801 – Teatro Nuovo (opera house) inaugurated.
• 1809 – Trieste ceded to the French as part of the Illyrian Provinces in the Treaty of Schönbrunn.^[3]
• 1810
  • Gabinetto di Minerva literary society founded.^[7]
  • Population: 29,908.^[8]
• 1814 – Austrians returned to power in the Treaty of Paris.^[3]
• 1828 – Catholic Diocese of Trieste-Koper established.
• 1831 – Assicurazioni Generali insurance company in business.
• 1833 – Österreichischer Lloyd shipping firm in business.
• 1835 – Schiller Society founded.^[9]
• 1839
  • Caffe degli Specchi in business.^[10]
  • Muzio Tommasini becomes mayor.
• 1840 – Tergesteo built.^[8]
• 1842 – Civico Orto Botanico di Trieste (garden)^[11] and Savings Bank of Trieste established.
• 1846 – Civico Museo di Storia Naturale di Trieste (museum) established.
• 1848
  • May to Aug − Harbour blockaded by an Italian fleet.^[1]
  • 25 October: Premiere of Verdi's opera Il corsaro.
• 1849 – Trieste becomes a Habsburg imperial free city again.^[8]
• 1851 – Trieste Astronomical Observatory established.
• 1853 – Trieste Chamber of Commerce and Industry established.
• 1857
  • Austrian Southern Railway (Vienna-Trieste) begins operating.
  • Trieste Centrale railway station opens.
  • Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipbuilding firm in business near city.
• 1860 – Miramare Castle built near city for Austrian archduke Maximilian.^[1]
• 1871 – Richard Burton becomes British consul in Trieste.
• 1872 – Revoltella Museum founded.
• 1878 – Politeama Rossetti theatre built.
• 1880 – Population: 144,844.^[8]
• 1881 – Il Piccolo newspaper begins publication.^[12]
• 1882
  • September: Emperor of AustriaFranz Joseph I visits city.^[13]
  • Agricultural exhibition held.^[8]
• 1883 – Harbour constructed.^[8]
• 1885 – Saint Spyridon Church building inaugurated.
• 1887 – Trieste–Hrpelje railway begins operating.
• 1888 - Monument erected to commemorate 500th anniversary of connexion with Austria.^[1]
• 1891 – City ended being a free port.^[1]
• 1899 – Circolo di Studi Sociali (civic group) founded.^[7]
• 1900 – Population: 132,879.^[1]

20th century

• 1902 – Trieste–Opicina tramway begins operating.
• 1904 – Trieste National Hall opens.^[9]
• 1905 – Coffee exchange established.^[14]
• 1906 − Opening of the Karawanks Tunnel (railway) completed the railway from Trieste to Klagenfurt.^[1]
• 1912
  • Synagogue of Trieste completed.
  • Circolo Sportivo Ponziana (football club) formed.
  • Savoia Excelsior Palace hotel in business.
• 1914 – Caffè San Marco in business.
• 1918
  • Unione Triestina football club formed.
  • La Nazione newspaper begins publication.
  • Umana literary journal begins publication.^[9]
• 1919 – Trieste becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy per Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (signed on 10 September 1919 and effective on 16 July 1920).^[3][15]
• 1920 – 13 July: Trieste National Hall burnt by Fascist Blackshirts.
• 1924 – University of Trieste and Rotary Club^[10] established.
• 1927 – Vittoria Lighthouse built.
• 1930 – Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico shipbuilding firm in business.
• 1931 – Radio Trst begins broadcasting.
• 1932 – Stadio Littorio opens.
• 1943
  • September: Nazi German Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral headquartered in Trieste.
  • September: City becomes part of the Italian Social Republic.
  • Risiera di San Sabba Nazi concentration camp established near city.
• 1945
  • 1 May: City taken by Yugoslav forces.^[3]
  • 2 May: German surrender to Allied forces.
  • Primorski dnevnik Slovene-language newspaper begins publication.^[12]
• 1947 – 15 September: City becomes part of the Free Territory of Trieste of the United Nations Security Council.^[3]
• 1949
  • June: Municipal election held.
  • Gianni Bartoli becomes mayor.
  • Museo Sartorio opens.
• 1953 – Administration of Free Territory of Trieste passes to Italy.^[3]
• 1954 – Some of Trieste becomes part of Italy; the remainder becomes part of Yugoslavia.^[16]
• 1958 – Mario Franzil becomes mayor.
• 1961 – Trieste Airport in operation.
• 1963 – Orto Botanico dell'Università di Trieste (garden) established.
• 1964 – International Centre for Theoretical Physics headquartered near city.
• 1965 – Temple of Monte Grisa (church) built near city.
• 1970 – City becomes capital of the Friuli-Venezia Giuliaregion (approximate date).
• 1975 – Protest against Treaty of Osimo.^[17]
• 1978 – International School for Advanced Studies established.
• 1992 – Stadio Nereo Rocco opens.
• 1993
  • Riccardo Illy becomes mayor.
  • Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste research centre established near city.
• 1996 – Central European Initiative headquartered in Trieste.

21st century

• 2001 – Roberto Dipiazza becomes mayor.
• 2006 – Italia Marittima shipping firm active.
• 2011
  • Roberto Cosolini becomes mayor.^[18]
  • Population: 205,535.

See also

• History of Trieste (it)
• Other names of Trieste
• List of presidents of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region since 1960s
• List of mayors of Trieste

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:^(it)

• Emilia-Romagna region: Timeline of Bologna; Ferrara; Forlì; Modena; Parma; Piacenza; Ravenna; Reggio Emilia; Rimini
• Trentino-South Tyrol region: Timeline of Bolzano; Trento
• Veneto region: Timeline of Padua; Treviso; Venice; Verona; Vicenza

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum[in German] (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
3. "Trieste", Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 1158, OL 5812502M
4. Jenkins 2012.
5. Agapito 1824.
6. "Biblioteca Civica Attilio Hortis" (in Italian). Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
7. Rutar 2006.
8. Chambers 1901.
9. Campanile 2004.
10. Hametz 2005.
11. "Garden Search: Italy". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
12. "Trieste (Italy) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
13. Haydn 1910.
14. William H. Ukers (1922), All About Coffee, New York: Tea and Coffee Trade Journal Co., OL 23271107M
15. "Italy Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
16. Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Yugoslavia: People's Republic". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: A Reference Guide. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
17. Pamela Ballinger (2003). History in Exile: Memory and Identity at the Borders of the Balkans. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08697-4.
18. "Sindaco". Organi Politici (in Italian). Comune di Trieste. Retrieved 7 January 2014.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Italian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

• Abraham Rees (1819), "Trieste", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Girolamo Agapito (1824). Compiuta e distresa descrizione della fedelissima città e porto-franco di Trieste [Description of the City and Free Port of Trieste] (in Italian). Vienna: Antonio Strauss.
• David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Trieste". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3dz0hq2k.
• J. Joyce (1851), "Sketch of Trieste", Recollections of the Salzkammergut, Ischl, Salzburg, Bad Gastein ... with a Sketch of Trieste, Frankfort
• Giovannina Bandelli (1851). Notizie storiche di Trieste e guida per la città [History of Trieste and Guide to the City] (in Italian). Coen.
• * Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Trieste". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 4. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
• "Trieste", Appleton's European Guide Book, London: Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1871
• "Trieste", Southern Germany and Austria (2nd ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1871, OCLC 4090237
• "Trieste", Bradshaw's Hand-Book to the Turkish Empire, vol. 1: Turkey in Europe, London: W.J. Adams, c. 1872
• William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Tergeste". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur.
• R. Burton (October 1875), "Port of Trieste", Journal of the Society of Arts, vol. 23, London, pp. 56 v, hdl:2027/uc1.b2876382 + part 2
• David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Trieste", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
• W. Pembroke Fetridge (1881), "Trieste", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "Triest", Ober-Italien [Northern Italy], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (4th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1884, hdl:2027/uc1.$b500241
• Thomas Graham Jackson (1887), "Trieste", Dalmatia, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "Trieste". Nuova Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) (6th ed.). Torino: Unione Tipografico-Editrice Torinese. 1887.
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Trieste", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555

Published in the 20th century

• "Trieste". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
• Giulio Caprin (1906), Trieste (in Italian), Bergamo: Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche, OL 14046192M (profusely illustrated)
• "Triest", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 12, New York, 1907
• "Trieste", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c (9th ed.), Berlin: J.H. Herz, 1908, OCLC 36795367
• Arthur L. Frothingham (1910), "Trieste", Roman Cities in Northern Italy and Dalmatia, London: J. Murray
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Trieste", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• "Trieste" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 269–270.
• "Trieste", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
• "Trieste". Le Tre Venézie. Guida d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Touring Club Italiano. 1920. p. 247+ – via HathiTrust.
• Novak, Bogdan (1970). Trieste 1941–1954: the ethnic, political and ideological struggle. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-59621-4.
• Angelo Ara, Claudio Magris. Trieste. Un'identità di frontiera. Einaudi Editore. Torino, 1982. ISBN 88-06-59823-6
• Cary, Joseph (1993). A Ghost in Trieste. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-09528-2.
• Marengo Vaglio, Carla (1994). "Trieste as a linguistic melting pot". La Revue des Lettres Modernes (1173): 55–74.
• Sluga, Glenda (1994). "Trieste: ethnicity and the Cold War, 1945–1954". Journal of Contemporary History. 29 (2): 285–304. doi:10.1177/002200949402900204. S2CID 154280355.

Published in the 21st century

in English

• Hametz, Maura (December 2001). "The Carabinieri stood by: The Italian state and the "Slavic Threat" in Trieste, 1919–1922". Nationalities Papers. 29 (4): 559–574. doi:10.1080/00905990120102093. S2CID 155037121.
• Morris, Jan. Trieste and the Meaning of Nowhere. DaCapo Press. Cambridge, Mass, 2001
• Anna Campanile (2004). "Torn Soul of a City: Trieste as a Center of Polyphonic Culture and Literature". In Marcel Cornis-Pope and John Neubauer (ed.). History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and Disjunctures in the 19th and 20th Centuries. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 90-272-3453-1.
• Maura Elise Hametz (2005). Making Trieste Italian, 1918-1954. UK: Boydell & Brewer. ISBN 978-0-86193-279-5.
• Sabine Rutar (2006). "Internationalist Networking in a Multinational Setting: Social Democratic Cultural Associations in Austro-Hungarian Trieste 1900–1914". In Graeme Morton; et al. (eds.). Civil Society, Associations, and Urban Places: Class, Nation, and Culture in 19th-Century Europe. Ashgate. pp. 87–101. ISBN 978-0-7546-5247-2.
• Eric Jenkins (2012). "Trieste". To Scale: One Hundred Urban Plans. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-74606-2.
• Aleksej Kalc (2012). "Immigration Policy in 18th Century Trieste". In Bert De Munck and Anne Winter (ed.). Gated Communities?: Regulating Migration in Early Modern Cities. Ashgate. ISBN 978-1-4094-3130-5.

in Italian

• Franco Gleria and Maurizio Radacich. Il terrore viene dal cielo. Trieste: 1944/1945 (Trieste: Italo Svevo Edizioni, 2007)

External links

• Map of Trieste, 1999
• Europeana. Items related to Trieste, various dates.